Pass JN0-351 Exam in First Attempt Guaranteed 100% Cover Real Exam Questions [Apr-2024]
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NEW QUESTION # 29
Exhibit.
You want to verify prefix information being sent from 10.36.1.4.
Which two statements are correct about the output shown in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
- A. The routes displayed have traversed one or more autonomous systems.
- B. The output shows routes that were received prior to the application of any BGP import policies.
- C. The output shows routes that are active and rejected by an import policy.
- D. The routes displayed are being learned from an I BGP peer.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
The output shown in the exhibit is the result of the command "show ip bgp neighbor 10.36.1.4 received-routes", which displays all received routes (both accepted and rejected) from the specified neighbor.
Option A is correct, because the routes displayed have traversed one or more autonomous systems. This can be seen from the AS_PATH attribute, which shows the sequence of AS numbers that the route has passed through. For example, the route 10.0.0.0/8 has an AS_PATH of 65001 65002, which means that it has traversed AS 65001 and AS 65002 before reaching the local router.
Option B is correct, because the output shows routes that were received prior to the application of any BGP import policies. This can be seen from the fact that some routes have a status code of "r", which means that they are rejected by an import policy. The"received-routes" keyword shows the routes coming from a given neighbor before the inbound policy has been applied. To see the routes after the inbound policy has been applied, the "routes" keyword should be used instead.
Option C is incorrect, because the output does not show routes that are active and rejected by an import policy.
The status code of "r" means that the route is rejected by an import policy, but it does not mean that it is active. The status code of ">" means that the route is active and selected as the best path. None of the routes in the output have both ">" and "r" status codes.
Option D is incorrect, because the routes displayed are not being learned from an IBGP peer. An IBGP peer is a BGP neighbor that belongs to the same AS as the local router. The output shows that the neighbor 10.36.1.4 has a remote AS of 65001, which is different from the local AS of 65002. Therefore, the neighbor is an EBGP peer, not an IBGP peer.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Exhibit
Your ISP is announcing a default route to both R1 and R2. You want your network routers to forward all Internet traffic through the R1 device Which BGP attribute would you use?
- A. next-hop
- B. origin
- C. local preference
- D. MED
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The BGP attribute that you would use to forward all Internet traffic through the R1 device is the local preference1.
The local preference is an attribute that is used within an autonomous system (AS) and exchanged between iBGP routers1. It is used to select an exit point from the AS1. The path with the highest local preference is preferred1. By setting a higher local preference for the routes received from R1, you can make R1 the preferred exit point for all Internet traffic1.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Two routers share the same highest priority and start time.
- A. The router with the highest router ID becomes the DR
- B. The router with the highest MAC address become the DR
- C. The routers perform another DR election.
- D. In this situation, what is evaluated next when determining the designated router? The router with the lowest router ID become the DR.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the OSPF protocol, the designated router (DR) is the router that acts as the focal point for exchanging routing information on a multi-access network segment, such as a LAN1. The DR election process is based on the following criteria, in order of precedence1:
The router with the highest OSPF priority becomes the DR. The default priority is 1, and a priority of 0 means the router will not participate in the election.
If there is a tie in priority, the router with the highest router ID becomes the DR. The router ID is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a router in an OSPF domain. It can be manually configured or automatically derived from the highest IP address of a loopback interface or a physical interface.
If there is a tie in router ID, the router that was first to become an OSPF neighbor becomes the DR.
In your scenario, two routers share the same highest priority and start time. This means that they have equal chances of becoming the DR based on the first and third criteria. Therefore, the second criterion will be used to break the tie, which is the router ID. The router with the highest router ID will become the DR, and the other router will become the backup designated router (BDR), which is ready to take over the role of DR if it fails1.
NEW QUESTION # 32
You are a network operator who wants to add a second ISP connection and remove the default route to the existing ISP You decide to deploy the BGP protocol in the network.
What two statements are correct in this scenario? (Choose two.)
- A. IBGP peers advertise routes received from IBGP peers to other IBGP peers.
- B. IBGP peers advertise routes received from EBGP peers to other IBGP peers.
- C. EBGP peers advertise routes received from IBGP peers to other EBGP peers.
- D. IBGP updates the next-hop attribute to ensure reachability within an AS.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
A is correct because IBGP updates the next-hop attribute to ensure reachability within an AS. This is because the next-hop attribute is the IP address of the router that advertises the route to a BGP peer. If the next-hop attribute is not changed by IBGP, it would be the IP address of an external router, which may not be reachable by all routers within the AS. Therefore, IBGP updates the next-hop attribute to the IP address of the router that received the route from an EBGP peer1.
B is correct because IBGP peers advertise routes received from EBGP peers to other IBGP peers. This is because BGP follows the rule of advertising only the best route to a destination, and EBGP routes have a higher preference than IBGP routes. Therefore, IBGP peers advertise routes learned from an EBGP peer to all BGP peers, including both EBGP and IBGP peers1.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which two statements are correct about tunnels? (Choose two.)
- A. IP-IP tunnels are stateful.
- B. Tunnels add additional overhead to packet size.
- C. Tunnel endpoints must have a valid route to the remote tunnel endpoint.
- D. BFD cannot be used to monitor tunnels.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
A tunnel is a connection between two computer networks, in which data is sent from one network to another through an encrypted link. Tunnels are commonly used to secure data communications between two networks or to connect two networks that use different protocols.
Option B is correct, because tunnel endpoints must have a valid route to the remote tunnel endpoint. A tunnel endpoint is the device that initiates or terminates a tunnel connection. For a tunnel to be established, both endpoints must be able to reach each other over the underlying network. This means that they must have a valid route to the IP address of the remote endpoint1.
Option D is correct, because tunnels add additional overhead to packet size. Tunnels work by encapsulating packets: wrapping packets inside of other packets. This means that the original packet becomes the payload of the surrounding packet, and the surrounding packet has its own header and trailer. The header and trailer of the surrounding packet add extra bytes to the packet size, which is called overhead. Overhead can reduce the efficiency and performance of a network, as it consumes more bandwidth and processing power2.
Option A is incorrect, because BFD can be used to monitor tunnels. BFD is a protocol that can be used to quickly detect failures in the forwarding path between two adjacent routers or switches. BFD can be integrated with various routing protocols and link aggregation protocols to provide faster convergence and fault recovery.
BFD can also be used to monitor the connectivity of tunnels, such as GRE, IPsec, or MPLS.
Option C is incorrect, because IP-IP tunnels are stateless. IP-IP tunnels are a type of tunnels that use IP as both the encapsulating and encapsulated protocol. IP-IP tunnels are simple and easy to configure, but they do not provide any security or authentication features. IP-IP tunnels are stateless, which means that they do not keep track of the state or status of the tunnel connection. Stateless tunnels do not require any signaling or negotiation between the endpoints, but they also do not provide any error detection or recovery mechanisms.
References:
1: What is Tunneling? | Tunneling in Networking 2: What Is Tunnel In Networking, Its Types, And Its Benefits? : [Configuring Bidirectional Forwarding Detection] : [IP-IP Tunneling]
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which two statements about BGP facilitate the prevention of routing loops between two autonomous systems?
(Choose two.)
- A. EBGP routers will only accept routes that contain their own AS number in the AS_PATH.
- B. EBGP routers will drop routes that contain their own AS number in the AS_PATH
- C. EBGP routers will append their AS number when advertising routes to their neighbors.
- D. EBGP routers will prepend their AS number when advertising routes to their neighbors
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the internet1.
Option A is correct. When an EBGP router advertises routes to its neighbors, it appends its AS number to the AS_PATH attribute1. This is a key mechanism in BGP to prevent routing loops1.
Option C is correct. BGP has a built-in loop prevention mechanism whereby if a BGP router detects its own AS in the AS_PATH attribute, it will drop the prefix and will not continue to advertise it2. This helps to prevent routing loops2.
Option B is incorrect. EBGP routers do not accept routes that contain their own AS number in the AS_PATH2. Instead, they drop such routes as part of the loop prevention mechanism2.
Option D is incorrect. While it's true that EBGP routers append their AS number when advertising routes, they do not prepend their AS number1. The term "prepend" in BGP usually refers to a technique used to influence path selection by artificially lengthening the AS_PATH3.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Exhibit
You are troubleshooting an issue where traffic to 192.168.10.0/24 is being sent to R1 instead of your desired path through R2.
Referring to the exhibit, what is the reason for the problem?
- A. R2's route is not the best path due to a lower origin code.
- B. R1's route is the best path due to a higher local preference
- C. R2's route is not the best path due to loop prevention.
- D. R1's route is the best path due to the shorter AS path.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The exhibit shows the output of the command show ip bgp, which displays information about the BGP routes in the routing table1. The output shows two routes for the destination 192.168.10.0/24, one from R1 and one from R2.
The route from R1 has a local preference of 200, while the route from R2 has a local preference of
100. Local preference is a BGP attribute that indicates the degree of preference for a route within an autonomous system (AS)2. A higher local preference means a more preferred route2.
BGP uses a best path selection algorithm to choose the best route for each destination among multiple paths. The algorithm compares different attributes of the routes in a specific order of precedence3. The first attribute that is compared is weight, which is a Cisco-specific attribute that is local to the router3. If the weight is equal or not set, the next attribute that is compared is local preference3.
In this case, both routes have the same weight of 0, which means that they are learned from external BGP (eBGP) peers3. Therefore, the next attribute that is compared is local preference. Since R1's route has a higher local preference than R2's route, it is chosen as the best path and installed in the routing table3. The other attributes, such as origin code and AS path, are not considered in this case.
NEW QUESTION # 36
Exhibit
What does the * indicate in the output shown in the exhibit?
- A. All interfaces have elected a root bridge.
- B. The interface is down.
- C. The switch ports have a router attached.
- D. The interface is active.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The exhibit shows the output of the command show vlans brief, which displays brief information about VLANs and their associated interfaces1.
The output has four columns: Routing instance, VLAN name, Interfaces, and Tagging.
The * symbol indicates that the interface is active, meaning that it is up and forwarding traffic1. This can be verified by the command , which displays the status of the interfaces2.
NEW QUESTION # 37
You are receiving multiple BGP routes from an upstream neighbor and only want to advertise a single summarized prefix to your internal OSPF neighbors. This route should only be advertised when you are receiving these BGP routes from this neighbor.
In this scenario, which type of route should you create?
- A. generate route
- B. aggregate route
- C. static route using the resolve feature
- D. static route using qualified next hops
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
In this scenario, you should create an 1. Aggregate routes are used for advertising summarized network prefixes1. They help minimize the number of routing tables in an IP network by consolidating selected multiple routes into a single route advertisement1. This approach is in contrast to non-aggregation routing, in which every routing table contains a unique entry for each route1.
Therefore, option A is correct. Options B, C, and D are not correct because:
Static route using the resolve feature: This type of route uses the resolve feature to install a static route in the routing table only if a specific condition is met1. However, it does not provide the capability to summarize multiple routes into a single prefix.
Generate route: This type of route generates a route that is always present in the routing table and can be used to summarize routes. However, it does not have the capability to only advertise the route when specific BGP routes are being received from a neighbor1.
Static route using qualified next hops: This type of route allows for the specification of multiple next-hop addresses for a static route1. However, it does not provide the capability to summarize multiple routes into a single prefix.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Exhibit
Which command displays the output shown in the exhibit?
- A. show ethernet-switching table extensive
- B. show route forwarding-table
- C. show route forwarding-table family ethernet-switching
- D. show ethernet-switching table
Answer: D
Explanation:
The output shown in the exhibit is a brief display of the Ethernet switching table, which shows the learned Layer 2 MAC addresses for each VLAN and interface1.
The command show ethernet-switching table displays the Ethernet switching table with brief information, such as the destination MAC address, the VLAN name, the forwarding state, and the interface name1.
The command show route forwarding-table displays the routing table information for each protocol family, such as inet, inet6, mpls, iso, and so on2. It does not show the Ethernet switching table or the MAC addresses.
The command show ethernet-switching table extensive displays the Ethernet switching table with extensive information, such as the destination MAC address, the VLAN name, the forwarding state, the interface name, the VLAN index, and the tag type1. It shows more details than the brief output shown in the exhibit.
The command show route forwarding-table family ethernet-switching displays the routing table information for the ethernet-switching protocol family, whichshows the destination MAC address, the next-hop MAC address, and the interface name3. It does not show the VLAN name or the forwarding state.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Exhibit
Your BGP neighbors, one in the USA and one in France, are not establishing a connection with each other.
Referring to the exhibit, which statement is correct?
- A. The BFD liveness is set too high.
- B. The BFD liveness must be configured on the BGP group.
- C. The BFD liveness must be configured on the BGP neighbor.
- D. The BFD liveness is set too low.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The exhibit shows the configuration of BFD liveness detection for BGP at the global level, which applies to all BGP neighbors by default1. However, this configuration does not specify the session mode, which determines whether BFD uses single-hop or multihop mode to communicate with a neighbor2.
For single-hop BGP neighbors, which are directly connected on the same subnet, the session mode can be either automatic or single-hop. For multihop BGPneighbors, which are not directly connected and require multiple hops to reach, the session mode must be multihop2.
Since your BGP neighbors are in different countries, they are likely to be multihop neighbors. Therefore, you need to configure the session mode as multihop for each neighbor individually at the [edit protocols bgp group group-name neighbor address bfd-liveness-detection] hierarchy level2. For example:
protocols { bgp { group usa { neighbor 192.0.2.1 { bfd-liveness-detection { session-mode multihop; } } } group france { neighbor 198.51.100.1 { bfd-liveness-detection { session-mode multihop; } } } } } If you do not configure the session mode for multihop neighbors, BFD will use the default mode of automatic, which will try to use single-hop mode and fail to establish a BFD session with the remote neighbor2. This will prevent BGP from using BFD to detect liveliness and failover.
Therefore, the answer B is correct, as you need to configure the BFD liveness detection on the BGP neighbor level with the appropriate session mode for multihop neighbors.
NEW QUESTION # 40
You are configuring an IS-IS IGP network and do not see the IS-IS adjacencies established. In this scenario, what are two reasons for this problem? (Choose two.)
- A. The lo0 interface is not included as an IS-IS interface.
- B. IP subnets are not a /30 address.
- C. MTU is not at least 1492 bytes.
- D. The Level 2 routers have mismatched areas.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Explanation
Option A suggests that the MTU is not at least 1492 bytes. This is correct because IS-IS requires a minimum MTU of 1492 bytes to establish adjacencies1. If the MTU is less than this, IS-IS adjacencies will not be established1.
Option D suggests that the lo0 interface is not included as an IS-IS interface. This is also correct because the loopback interface (lo0) is typically used as the router ID in IS-IS1. If the loopback interface is not included in IS-IS, it could prevent IS-IS adjacencies from being established1.
Therefore, options A and D are correct.
NEW QUESTION # 41
You deployed a new EX Series switch with DHCP snooping enabled and you do not see any entries in the snooping databases for an interface. Which two Juniper configurations for that interface caused this issue?
(Choose two.)
- A. The interface is configured as a trunk port.
- B. MAC limiting is enabled on the interface.
- C. Dynamic ARP inspection is enabled on the interface.
- D. The interface is configured as a disabled port.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
A is correct because the interface is configured as a disabled port. A disabled port does not forward any traffic, including DHCP packets. Therefore, DHCP snooping cannot learn any MAC addresses or lease information from a disabled port1.
C is correct because the interface is configured as a trunk port. By default, all trunk ports on the switch are trusted for DHCP snooping2. This means that DHCP snooping does not inspect or filter any DHCP packets received on a trunk port. Therefore, DHCP snooping does not add any entries to the snooping database for a trunk port2.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which two BGP attributes must be supported by all BGP implementations and must be included in every update? (Choose two.)
- A. community
- B. AS path
- C. MED
- D. next hop
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP attributes are properties that BGP uses for route advertisement, path selection, and loop prevention1. There are four categories of BGP attributes123:
Well-known mandatory: Must be recognized by all BGP routers, present in all BGP updates, and passed on to other BGP routers123.
Well-known discretionary: Supported by all BGP implementations, and are optionally included in BGP updates1.
Optional transitive: May not be supported by all implementations of BGP1.
Optional non-transitive: May not be supported by all implementations of BGP1.
The well-known mandatory attributes must be supported by all BGP implementations and must be included in every update123. These include the AS path and next hop attributes23. Therefore, options A and C are correct.
NEW QUESTION # 43
You want to ensure traffic is routed through a GRE tunnel.
In this scenario, which two statements will satisfy this requirement? (Choose two.)
- A. BFD must be used on the stateless tunneling protocols.
- B. Keepalives must be used on stateless tunneling protocols.
- C. All intermediary devices must have a route to the tunnel endpoints.
- D. Tunnel endpoints must have a route that directs traffic into the tunnel.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Option A is correct. For traffic to be sent through a GRE tunnel, there must be a route that directs the traffic into the tunnel. This is typically accomplished through the use of a static route or a dynamic routing protocol.
Option B is correct. All intermediary devices must have a route to the tunnel endpoints34. In real-world scenarios, the tunnel endpoints for a tunnel going over the Internet must have globally reachable internet addresses. Otherwise, intermediate routers in the Internet cannot forward the tunneled packets.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Exhibit.
Which router will become the OSPF BDR if all routers are powered on at the same time?
- A. R4
- B. R1
- C. R2
- D. R3
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
OSPF DR/BDR election is a process that occurs on multi-access data links. It is intended to select two OSPF nodes: one to be acting as the Designated Router (DR), and another to be acting as the Backup Designated Router (BDR).The DR and BDR are responsible for generating network LSAs for the multi-access network and synchronizing the LSDB with other routers on the same network1.
The DR/BDR election is based on two criteria: the OSPF priority and the router ID. The OSPF priority is a value between 0 and 255 that can be configured on each interface participating in OSPF. The default priority is
1. A priority of 0 means that the router will not participate in the election and will never become a DR or BDR. The router with the highest priority will become the DR, and the router with the second highest priority will become the BDR. If there is a tie in priority, then the router ID is used as a tie-breaker. The router ID is a
32-bit number that uniquely identifies each router in an OSPF domain.It can be manually configured or automatically derived from the highest IP address on a loopback interface or any active interface2.
In this scenario, all routers have the same priority of 1, so the router ID will determine the outcome of the election. The router IDs are shown in the exhibit as RID values. The highest RID belongs to R4 (10.10.10.4), so R4 will become the DR. The second highest RID belongs to R3 (10.10.10.3), so R3 will become the BDR.
References:
1:OSPF DR/BDR Election: Process, Configuration, and Tuning2:OSPF Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR)
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which two events cause a router to advertise a connected network to OSPF neighbors? (Choose two.)
- A. When an interface has the OSPF passive option enabled.
- B. When a static route to the 224.0.0.5 address is created.
- C. When an OSPF adjacency is established.
- D. When a static route to the 224.0.0.6 address is created.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
A is correct because when an OSPF adjacency is established, a router will advertise a connected network to OSPF neighbors. An OSPF adjacency is a logical relationship between two routers that agree to exchange routing information using the OSPF protocol1. To establish an OSPF adjacency, the routers must be in the same area, have compatible parameters, and exchange hello packets1. Once an OSPF adjacency is formed, the routers will exchange database description (DBD) packets, which contain summaries of their link-state databases (LSDBs)1. The LSDBs include information about the connected networks and their costs2. Therefore, when an OSPF adjacency is established, a router will advertise a connected network to OSPF neighbors through DBD packets.
D is correct because when a static route to the 224.0.0.5 address is created, a router will advertise a connected network to OSPF neighbors. The 224.0.0.5 address is the multicast address for all OSPF routers3. A static route to this address can be used to send OSPF hello packets to all OSPF neighbors on a network segment3. This can be useful when the network segment does not support multicast or when the router does not have an IP address on the segment3. When a static route to the 224.0.0.5 address is created, the router will send hello packets to this address and establish OSPF adjacencies with other routers on the segment3. As explained above, once an OSPF adjacency is formed, the router will advertise a connected network to OSPF neighbors through DBD packets.
NEW QUESTION # 46
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